How does direct capitalization typically view future cash flows?

Direct capitalization recognizes future cash flows as uncertain and fluctuating. This approach accounts for the variability and risk inherent in estimating future income from a property. Unlike methods that would assume a steady or predictable inflow, direct capitalization approaches these cash flows with a sense of variability due to market conditions, tenant turnover, economic changes, and other factors that can influence the income generated by real estate over time.

This view is essential for appraisers as it ensures that the potential risks and rewards of an investment property are adequately reflected in the valuation process. By acknowledging this uncertainty, appraisers can apply a capitalization rate that reflects both the current performance of the property and the perceived risk associated with future cash flows, allowing for a more accurate and realistic assessment of value.